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Euler's identity : ウィキペディア英語版 | Euler's identity
In mathematics, Euler's identity,〔Dunham, 1999, (p. xxiv ).〕 and the Euler product formula. | group=n}} (also known as Euler's equation) is the equality : where : is Euler's number, the base of natural logarithms, : is the imaginary unit, which satisfies 2 = −1, and : is pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. Euler's identity is named after the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler. It is considered an example of mathematical beauty. == Explanation ==
Euler's identity is a special case of Euler's formula from complex analysis, which states that for any real number , : where the inputs of the trigonometric functions ''sine'' and ''cosine'' are given in ''radians''. In particular, when = ', or one half-turn (180°) around a circle: : Since : and : it follows that : which yields Euler's identity: :
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